Fragile X syndrome in vitro assay models are essential for understanding the genetic and cellular mechanisms underlying this neurodevelopmental disorder. These assays use patient-derived cells or genetically modified models to study synaptic dysfunction, neuronal connectivity, and molecular pathways. By providing a controlled environment for testing potential therapies, they help identify compounds that can improve cognitive and behavioral symptoms. Fragile X syndrome in vitro assay models are critical tools for advancing research and developing targeted treatments for individuals affected by this condition.